Peace Dethroned Again, one of 24 Peace Paintings Indiana created in 2003, is a response to 9/11 and a continuation of the political themes found in the artist’s work since his days on Coenties Slip. This painting was first exhibited in Robert Indiana: Peace Paintings, at the Paul Kasmin Gallery, New York, April 21–May 29, 2004. It was also included in Robert Indiana: Obra reciente, at the Galería Javier López, Madrid, November 5–December 31, 2004.